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M. 'V. SMITH. GAS'FURNAGE.

No. 425,260. Patented Apr. 8, 1890.

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M. V. SMITH. GAS FURNACE Patented Apr.. 8, 1890.

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M. V. SMITH. (ms FURNACE.

No. 425,260. Patented Apr. 8, 1890.

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V. SMIT GAS FURNAG No} 425,260. Patented Apr. '8, 1890.

I am lvantq'c NlTED STATE-s PATENT FFICEQ MARTIN V. SMITH, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE PITTSBURG METALLURGY COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

GAS-FU RNAC E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,260, dated April 8, 1890.

Application filed April 15, 1887. Serial No. 234,956. (No model.)

zen of the United States, residing at Pittsburg,

in the county of Allegheny, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Furnaces for Burning Pottery-l Vare and other Purposes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawlngs.

My invention relates to improvements in generative gas-furnaces for use in burning pottery, brick, and for metallurgical operations, the object being to concentrate the gas and air and thoroughly mix the same at the point of combustion.

My invention consists in certain details of construction which will be fully described hereinafter, and more particularly pointed.

out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of the gasproducer, fines, and the kiln or combustionchamber. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional View of the same. Fig. 3 is avertioal seetional View of the gas-chamber of the producer,

the valves which control the supply of gas,

and the direction of the air and gas. Fig. 4 IS a vertical sectional view of the kiln or melting-chamber and regenerator. Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of the kiln shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional View of the nozzle of the kiln or heating-chamber. Figs. 7 and 8 are plan views of the metal plates which form the walls of the regen erator. Fig. 9 shows the tubes and adjusting devices, with the supports for the metal. plates in side elevation and in horizontal section.

A indicates the producer, which is essentially of the construction described and claimed in an application filed by me June 5, 1885, Serial No. 167 ,7 '7 3, and patented August 3, 1880, No. 546,781, and need not be further referred to at this time. I

B a gas-chamber leading from the pro dncer A to the gas-fine O, in which is located the valve D, which controls the amount or volume of gas to be admitted through the fines to the combnstion-chamben E is a reversingalve located in the hue 0 below the valve D, by which the flow or supply of air and gas is changed from one fine to the other, as will more fully appear.

F is a cast-iron box or chamber placed around the sides and rear end of the ash-pit or on which the walls of the producer maybe built or supported, the front ends of said castiron box being left open, so that the air will readily pass thereinto.

The air in its passage through the box or fines F is heated by the waste heat from the fire and the heat contained in the ashes which lie alongside of it, so that itwill be in proper condition to eiiect a complete combustion when brought in contact with the gas in the combuslion-chamber,and when the direction of the gas and air is changed from one flue to another the hot air will serve to burn out the soot and bitumen deposited by the gas in its passage through this flue.

G is a short flue connecting with the central portion of the air-heatingbox, and extends back to a point where it communicates with lateral flues entering the fines H and I, as shown in Fig. 2.

K is a valve located in the short flue G, by which the proper amount of air is admitted to the combustiol'i-chamber to effect a complete combustion of the gases.

L is the combustion chamber or kiln, which may be of any suitable form or size; but by preference it is made of circular form, with the usual arch or crown M and a hearth N, on which the wares orbrick to be burned are placed in the usual manner.

- As heretofore intimated, the combustionchamber communicates with the producer through the fines II and I, said lines terminating in the regenerator or mixing-chambers A and D, located in the eye of the kiln or heating-chamber.

The regenerators or mixing-chambers are made as follows: A recess of irregular form, as shown in Fig. 4, is formed in the masonry which forms the eye and support for the central portion of the kiln, into which the fines II and I open. The chamber in the masonry just referred to is divided into two compart- 'menis A and B by means of the metallic sonry F, while the upper ends of said columns are reduced to forma pin a, which enters the perforations b, formed in the plate D, and by which means the columns are held in an upright position. The plate D is provided with a series of perforations or openings in which the lower ends of the tubes 6 are inserted, said tubes beingheld in position by the bands f and set-screws g, which prevents the tubes from slipping down through the plate D. The upper ends of the tubes pass up through holes in the plate 0', and extend a short distance above said plate.

h are bands secured to the upper ends of the tube 6, just below the plate C, by means of the band h and set-screw t', the office of which is to support the plate 0 and prevent it from sagging down.

7c are short vtubes secured in openings in the plate 0 between the tubes 6, these tubes 70 being held from slipping down through the plate C by means of the bands Z and set- The operation of this portion of my invention is as follows: The gas-valve D being opened, the gas enters the flue H and is conducted to the chamber A, while the air-valve K is opened for the purpose of admitting the air under the reversing-valve E, which passes into the flue I and is conducted to the chamber B and passes up into the eye of the furnace through the short tubes 70. The air and gas pass through the flues H and I and come together in the chamber H, where combustion takes place. The object of placing the reversing-valve E over the flues leading to the combustion-chamber is for the purpose of changing the direction of the air and gas through the respective fluesi. 6., after passing the gas through the flue II into the chamber A and through the tubes 6, for from one to four hours considerable soot, tar, and bituminous matter are deposited in the tubes 6 and chamber A, but by reversing the valve E,and taking the gas through the flue I and nace has run for a few hours, the valve E is again reversed and the currents of air and gas are again changed, thus bringing the gas at one time through the tube 6-, and when the valve is changed the gas will pass through the chamber B and short tubes is.

The walls of the kiln or combustion-chamber are provided with flues j, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4,) which lead up through the crown or top of the kiln, on top of which may be placed fiat tiles to close the same when desired for shutting off the draft from that part of the kiln or combustion-chamber, so that the heat can be increased or diminished at any point of the kiln by opening or closing the flues. It will be noticed that by bringing the gas and air through theflues H and I and through the chambers A and B and then through e 7a to the eye of the kiln the gas and air are thoroughly mixed at that point and a complete combustion takes place,- and that by making the combustion chamber wider at the bottom or near the point where the gas and air enter than it is at the top, the heat is deflected downward onto the generator, which heats the same to a point to insure the proper heating of the air and gas and thus effect a complete combustion; and, furthermore, by the convergency of the walls of the combustion-chamber, anozzle is formed which produces a blow-pipe flame of great power.

The matters herein shown, but not particularly claimed, are made the subject of separate applications of even date herewith, and numbered 234,955 and 234,957.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- .In a metallurgical furnace, the combination, with the flues H, I, and H, of the plates C D, the lower supporting columns E,-the intermediate tubes 6, and their bands h f, and the tubes 70 and their supporting-bands Z, the whole arranged as and for the purposes specified. i

In testimony whereof I a'ffix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MARTIN V. SMITH. l Vitnesses: O. M. FAGEN, JAMES M. CHRISTY. 

